The
above map illustrates our hypothesis that the Arctic orifice begins at some
point North between the New Siberian Islands and Zemlya, and stretches across
towards the Elizabeth Islands in Canada.
We can begin our ring around the opening at the North Pole. It suffices to say
that the pole has been visited umpteen times and that no polar orifice is
apparent right at that point. It is close, though. Photographs of the Pole show
foreshortening of the horizon such that the horizon drops off sharply; the
landscape doesn't extend as far off as it does in lower latitudes. Also, polar
anomalies, such as warming, the presence of warm-blooded animals, and Northward
migrating birds, have been documented from there.
What interests us about the expedition carried out by Doctor Fridtjof Nansen and
the crew of the Norwegian ship Fram, between 1893 and 1896, is the fact that
Nansen's course across the polar ice was erratic and hinted of close proximity
to the opening. In fact, if one looks at the charts provided in Nansen’s book
Farthest North, one will see some very exagerated zig zagging in March and April
of 1894, right around 80* North latitude and 135* East longitude. Earlier in
November of 1893 Dr. Nansen and the crew had to adjust their latitude
calculations by almost one whole degree within a ten-day period. It is
improbable that they moved so much in so little time; the current moving the ice
upon which they were perched was only moving a couple miles per day, maybe three.
They chalked up the aberrations to navigational errors, which attests to their
honesty. But could it be so? They were not amateurs. Their navigator was Sigurd
Scott-Hansen, an academy graduate and career officer in the Norwegian Navy. But
they were all master seamen- that's why they were chosen for the trip. They all
knew the science of navigation.
What about curvature? What if the curvature of the Earth was flattening out and
this is why the Norwegians couldn’t pinpoint their location. Everyone knows
that the Earth is not an exact sphere; it bulges slightly at the equator and
flattens at the poles ( it actually angles inwards ). Hollow Earth proponents
would say that there was sure a lot of flattening going on, and that a mere
tendency for the curvature to plane would not account for the type of
exagerrated movement, in terms of latitude, that the Norwegians experienced.
What could actually account for what seemed to be so much sliding around,
however, would be if the curvature had not only flattened out, but had begun a
downward decline into the doughnut-shaped opening of the inner Earth. Such
angles could easily account for the impression of exagerrated movements as they
crossed and re-crossed, even staggered along, the rim of the opening.
If
we imagine the face of a clock superimposed upon the opening, this grazing would
have ocurred at around five o’clock, with six o’clock being at Zemlya on the
Russian side, the Pole at about nine or ten o'clock, the Elizabeth Islands at
twelve o’clock and the Bering Straits at two o’clock.
Later, Nansen and the crew traced a course towards the Pole, from March of 1894
until about the end of September of that year, between about 120* East and 140*
East. They came across no opening along the way, and his navigational anomalies
subsided a bit, which suggested that he was angling away laterally from the
steeper grade of the opening as he left behind the Siberia/Alaska side and
inched across the Artic basin towards the Greenland side. This indicates that
the opening is offset from the Pole with the beginning of the rim near the point
where Nansen experienced the greatest movement in terms of zig zag-
from 135* to 139* East longitude, and around 80* North latitude. ( See
the green oval on the map )
Do the navigational anomalies prove, by themselves, the existence of a polar
opening? No, and taken piecemeal, most of the polar anomalies can be explained
in other ways. For example, the volcanic ash which is so typical in the polar
areas could be due to an uncharted land mass and not an opening- maybe the
governments of the region have reason to hide such a land mass from the public,
maybe for security reasons. But taken all together, polar anomalies, including
curvature anomalies, constitute strong deductive evidence.
On the Alaska/Siberia side of things, a rather unfortunate event defined another
boundry to the polar opening. Lieutenant George W. De Long passed through the
Bering Straits in August of 1879, in command of the steamer Jeanette. On
September 6th, at 71* 35’ North latitude, 175* 06’ East longitude, the ship
became stuck in the ice. This was close to Wrangel Island. Two years later the
ship sunk just North of the New Siberian Islands, at 77* 15 North. She had
hooked around the polar basin, between 70* and 77* latitude, without coming upon
any opening. This tells us that the opening does not extend to the mid-seventy
degrees of latitude, at least not on the Alaska-Siberian side ( nor any other
side ). According to our analysis so far, it would have to fall higher in
latitude, closer to the Pole. ( Again, notice the green oval on the map )
We can close our ring around the polar opening by considering the dirgible
flight of Roald Amudsen in May of 1926. Amudsen passed over the pole, then
steered a course along 170* longitude West towards the Bering Straits between
Alaska and Siberia. He experienced a couple of the usual polar anomalies the
farther North he went: Warming of the air and sea temperatures was one of them,
and the presence of land birds too far away from any land. What is most
interesting to our current analysis is the fact that when the Amudsen dirgible
reached the Bering Straits it ended up over 100 miles off course on the Russian
side. This suggests that the dirgible dipped into and followed along the
bowl-like depression of the opening, and that the irregular curvature threw it
off course and sent it into Siberia on a slight tangent. All of the above
evidence suggests a polar opening, on the Siberian side of the Pole, within a
ring established by the different polar explorers.
The Amudsen dirgible flew over extended stretches of cloud cover, which leaves
open the possibility of its having been rather far down the funnel of the
opening, maybe even rather close to the neck of it, without the occupants
realizing it. The warmer air of the interior mixes with the colder air of the
Arctic and produces fog and clouds. This means that the opening could stretch
from the area where Nansen and the crew of the Fram experienced their polar
anomalies, which was on the Siberian side, quite a ways across the Polar basin
towards the Canadian side. This was actually inadvertently indicated by the
Russian description of the magnetic pole as a line stretching 1,000 miles from
above Zemlya and across the Arctic towards Elizabeth Island.
All of our evidence is circumstantial so far. In order to reinforce our argument,
let us now consider actual sightings of land masses within our ring-like
framework. We shall draw upon Admiral MacMillan’s book Four Years in the White
North. The following testimony is not the testimony of the admiral himself;
rather, it is testimony of others which he compiled in an appendix to his book.
” Captain Richardson, in his work The Polar Regions; says: ‘ The Eskimos of
Point Barrow have a tradition, reported by Dr. Simpson, surgeon of the Plover (
in the year 1832 ), of some of their tribe having been carried to the North on
ice broken up in a southery gale, and arriving, after many nights at a hilly
coun-try inhabited by people like themselves, speaking the Eskimo language, and
by whom they were well received. After a long stay, one spring in which the ice
remained without movement they returned without mishap to their own country and
reported their adventures. An obscure indication of land to the north was
actually perceived from the masthead of the Plover when off Point Barrow.’[
This could easily have been a mirage of land which really existed further to the
North. Such superior mirages are common in the Artic and can be perceived over
long distances, as we shall see ] “
” In 1850, Captain Mc Lure, when off the Northern coast of Alaska, wrote in
his journal that judging from the character of the ice and a light, shady tint
in the sky, there must be land to the North of him.
” Marcus Taker, writing in the National Geographic Magazine, 1894, under a
title of An Undiscovered Land off the Coast of Alaska, says: ‘ It is often
told that natives wintering between Harrison and Camden Bays have seen land to
the North in the bright clear days of spring. In the winter of 1886 1887 Uxharen,
an enterprising Eskimo of Ootkearie was very anxious for me to get some captain
to take him the following summer, with his family canoe and outfit, to the
North-east as far as the ship went, and then he would try to find this
mysterious land of which he had heard so much; but no one cared to bother with
this venturesome Eskimo explorer.’
” The only report of land having been seen in this vicinity by civilized man
was made by Capt. John Keenan, of Troy, New York, in the Seventies ( 1870s ), at
that time in command of the whaling-bark Stamboul, of New Bedford. Captain
Keenan said that after taking several whales the weather became thick, and he
stood to the North under easy sail and was busily engaged in trying out and
stowing down the oil taken. When the fog cleared off, land was distinctly seen
to the North bv him and all the men of his crew, but as he was not on a voyage
of discovery, and there were no whales in sight, he was obliged to give the
order to keep away to the South in search of them.
” In June, 1904,' Dr. R. A Harris, of the United States Coast and Geodetic
survey, published in the National Geographic Magazine his reasons for believing
that there must he a large body of undiscovered land or shallow water in the
polar regions. He based his theory upon the report that Siberian driftwood had
been picked up in South Greenland, upon the observations of drifting polar ice,
upon the drift of the ship Jeannette, and upon numerous tidal observations made
along the Northern coast of Alaska and Eastward.'
But this varied collection of testimony is just the tip of the iceberg when
compared with the testimony of men such as Doctor Frederick A Cook, arguably the
true discoverer of the North Pole, Admiral Peary, and the actual testimony of
Admiral MacMillan himself. The observations of these men have been laid out and
explained very well by others, but we will present the essence for the benefit
of the reader's understanding.
These three were all active around the Northern tip of Ellesmere Island, which
is also the Northernmost tip of Canada, and which lies right next to the tip of
Greenland. The area is only about 6* from the Pole. From various points of
elevation, as well as from across the ice, as much as ten years apart, these
three men observed a mountainous land mass which they described as filling up a
third of the horizon, about 120* around them. Admiral Peary mentioned distict
white summits on June 28th, 1906. Admiral Macmillan organized an expedition
which traveled across the ice 130 miles after seeing this continent from the
heights of Ellesmere Island and wrote that his observations resembled in every
particular an immense land while observing in clear weather with powerful
binoculars. He went on to describe hills, valleys and snow-capped peaks, all
this in April of 1914.
Which
brings us to the testimony of Dr. Frederick A Cook. Dr. Cook also observed this
land mass while traveling across the ice. He made a round trip to the Pole and
choose a much more Western route, bringing him closer to the sighting. Dr. Cook
also made entries in his log book just as the other explorers did. Additionally,
however, he took some photographs. The significance of this is that, first of
all, we have some visual evidence to consider, and that second, we actually have
a picture of a land mass which is not exactly on the surface of the Earth, but
rather, which fingers its way up to near the rim, from within. It is amazing
that evidence such as this could exist. The photographic plates formed a part of
the Cook collection in the U.S. Library of Congress, but by an ironic
coincidence, they are missing. Even so, one single picture remains with us
because it is in the book by Doctor Cook. It was scanned with good resolution by
Jan Lamprecht and included in his book Hollow Planets as Plate 31. The points to
be made with reference to the picture are that it cannot be confused with sea
ice on the horizon, nor with ice islands that typically have ice mounds atop
them, ( such do exist ). It is a picture of a land mass, confirmed by Eskimo
testimony, and answers to some specific descriptions in the doctor's log book.
The sighting seems to have been a mirage, but this is not to say that it was
false. A mirage is actually a reflection which is carried over long distances
through thermal layers of air. If the mirage were to originate from a curved,
funnel-like opening, this would facilitate its long-distance projection.
Therefore, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that the observations made by Cook,
Peary and MacMillan could have had their origin as much as a few hundred miles
away, which would put it within the area which we have circled in our ring
around the opening. Mirage behavior would also explain the previously mentioned
sightings from the Northern rim of Alaska and Canada, that they were seen over a
distance, although the land was not adjacent to the North American continent.
Nansen also experienced a mirage, apparently of the inner sun, from the Russian
side, just above the New Siberian Islands. There are a few hints in his
description which suggest that Nansen viewed a mirage of the inner sun.
The North Pole attainments of both Dr. Cook and Admiral Peary reinforce the idea
that the opening is not far from the Pole, i.e., five degrees or so and inside
of our " ring." By “ attainments,” we are referring to the fact
that both Cook and Peary claimed to have arrived at the North Pole. There is a
controversy surrounding this matter, but for our purposes it is enough to say
that both passed at least close to it. Now, what did they experience? On their
way, they had to penetrate ( from the Canadian side ) over a ridge of
crumpled-up ice which runs in a circle around the opening. Once they crossed
that ridge of ice, they found relatively smooth ice over which they made quick
progress- too quick, in fact.
Some of Peary's speed, for example, can be attributed to the smoother ice in the
area around the Pole, but not all of his speed- he claims to have covered 153
statute miles in just over two days, as he began his return. Smooth ice might
have helped his speed, but not that much. The only way that we can account for
his speed is if we take into consideration the flattening of the curvature of
the Earth in the region of the opening. The flattening of the curvature gives a
false impression of
the Northward distance covered.
A lingering doubt in the mind of any thoughtful person has to do with the lack
of direct discovery and perception. There are reasons for this. We’ll leave
any conspiracy theories aside for the moment, and will consider the possibility
of explorers passing close by the opening without perceiving it. How could this
be so?
Commercial aircraft have typically taken routes around the area in question, but
not through it. Very recently, passenger flights began flying across the pole, a
bit towards the Greenland side. At times, some flights have been deviated to a
route further away.
But why don't modern aircraft fly to the edge of the opening? This is because
there is all kinds of magnetic distortion near the opening because the magnetic
lines of force pass through the inner rim of the doughnut opening. So as
aircraft approach the opening, their instruments of navegation typically go
haywire. At this point, it is assumed that the aircraft is basically over the
pole. With the navegational instruments haywire, how is anyone going to know
exactly where they are? And why would any pilot stick around to find out? The
standard maneuver, as a pilot passes near the magnetic distortion, is to execute
a right-angle turn until the navegational instruments re-orient themselves, then
head back in his original direction. As many times as the pilot experiences
magnetic distortion, he executes right-angle turns until he works his way around
the circular opening, which defines the distortion in the first place, then
procedes in his original direction. In this way, even given hundreds of
opportunities, aircraft only approach the rim without penetrating inwards any
further.
But what about Artic explorers? The Pole has been approached from various angles,
even from converging angles at the same time, the expeditions joining up at the
Pole. How come no opening has been noticed?
This is because the funnel shape of the opening would give the illusion, to a
person travelling across along the bowel-like side, of having come straight
across the neck of the opening. Such a traveler would have experienced
exaggerated sledding speeds as the curvature flattened out and angled inwards,
and any movement would have given greater Northward progress across the top of
the world. Along the inner rim the angle of the curvature would have tilted
inwards. Thus, looking straight above, the person would seem to be looking at
that point which is straight over the middle of the doughnut opening, but from
an angle, off to the side, and without realizing that any inward angle is even
involved! Thus, the person would have crossed, roundabout, to one side of the
opening while thinking that he/she had made progress straight across. Arriving
at the other side, the person might have remarked " Well, I didn't see any
polar opening and I just came straight across the area."
True, this traveler would not have seen any opening because the opening does not
have a right-angle drop, and the opening is too huge to notice any dimensions.
The only thing that the " traveler " would have seen would have been
the horizon, because the curvature is gradual. But a change in the horizon would
be noticed because the horizon is foreshortened due to the fact that the
curvature does become more acute as it angles inwards. This was noted by Lt. (
later General ) Greely, as well as Admiral Peary, North of Greenland and Canada,
what to speak of Dr. Fridtjof Nansen on the other side of the basin.
One can only stop and wonder if it really isn't possible after all for there to
be a hollow portion to the Earth on which we live, with openings at the polar
extremes.
Pages
of Interest:
Polar Warming Curvature Anomalies Circular, Compacted as if Linear Mammoth
Chapter Four from Gardner Radarsat ZR-1 Greenland Vikings
Antartic Ozone
Image Broken
Auroral Ring
Frobisher Map Icebergs from the Inner Earth
Location
of Polar Orifice
Aurora Australis Marks The Spot
